Which type of power is based on a person's desirability for association or identification?

Referent power is rooted in the personal traits and resources of an individual that make others want to associate with or identify with them. This type of power arises from the admiration, respect, or affection others have for an individual, which often leads to those individuals wanting to emulate or align with that person. It stems from a sense of belonging or connection, making it powerful in influencing behavior and fostering cooperation.

In contrast, expert power derives from an individual's specific skills or knowledge, coercive power is based on the ability to impose penalties or exert pressure, and visibility is related to being noticed or recognized, which may not necessarily lead to a desire for association. Referent power, through personal appeal and the ability to inspire loyalty and commitment, effectively drives influence and can lead to strong interpersonal relationships within an organization. This emphasis on identification and association makes referent power essential in leadership and team dynamics.